Answer to Question 1
Boot camps are dehumanizing and harsh. Facilities that prepare people for war do not have much potential for deterring or rehabilitating offenders. Aggressive treatment of residents and the insistence on unquestioning obedience to authority does little to foster prosocial behavior. Additionally, one-third of all boot camps have been closed. Recidivism studies of boot camps have not been promising. Rearrest rates of boot camp graduates are similar to those of prison inmates.
Answer to Question 2
The characteristics are newly established by local agencies; accept primarily male offenders who are on probation and have violated the conditions of probation, abuse alcohol and other drugs, and pose a low risk to the community; focus on providing treatment and needed services to offenders and reducing jail time; operate 5 days per week and have a program duration of about 5 months; serve fewer than 100 offenders at a time; maintain a strict level of surveillance and frequent contact with offenders; direct offenders through phases with increasingly fewer requirements; require frequent drug tests; have services on site; require one staff member for about every seven offenders; and cost about 20 per day, per offender.
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