Answer to Question 1
The concept varies from one jurisdiction to another. Programs also produce varying degrees of offender control: some use 24-hour confinement; others permit offenders to attend work or school. Advantages include reducing costs and overcrowding in incarceration. It also keeps families intact, and those with health problems have better access to health care. Disadvantages cited are that it is a labor-intensive and time-consuming form of supervision and can be dangerous.
Answer to Question 2
Forfeiture involves the government seizing property that was derived from or used in criminal activity. Both RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization) and CCE (Continuing Criminal Enterprise) permit the seizure of any property derived from illegal conspiracies or enterprises. These acts initially were designed to apply to criminal conspiracies, but they are now being applied to an extensive series of criminal acts, including white-collar crime. Upon conviction of a criminal trial, criminal forfeiture proceedings are conducted to seize property used in the crime.
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