What was the main difference between houses of refuge and ...

[hubes95]

What was the main difference between houses of refuge and reformatories?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Which of the following states the purpose of juvenile mediation programs best?
 
  A) to get drug addicts into residential treatment programs and a job after release
  B) to restructure the social environment and secondary schools in order to provide fewer opportunities for bullying
  C) to get all involved parties to resolve differences without court involvement
  D) to convince violent offenders to drop gang membership and hold steady jobs

[6ana001]

Answer to Question 1

The new Reformatories were essentially a continuation of the house of refuge.
 In houses of refuge:
(i) discipline was severe when the rules were disobeyed
(ii) treatment of the youths paralleled the routine nature of the facility's physical plant
(iii) the youths were dressed in institutional clothing and given identical haircuts
(iv) troublemakers were punished; placing offenders on a diet of bread and water or depriving them of meals altogether
(v) milder forms of discipline were coupled with solitary confinement if a severe punishment was deemed necessary
(vi) corporal punishment was used alone or in combination with other corrections
(vii) the worst offenders were shipped off to sea

In the nineteenth century Hutchins Hapgood the New York House of Refuge as a school for crime.
 Reformatories, also called training schools or industrial schools, were:
(i) developed in the mid-nineteenth century
(ii) stressed a longer period of schooling compared to houses of refuge
(iii) more exploitative, as manufacturers often inflicted cruelty and violence on juveniles during working hours

Answer to Question 2

C

[hubes95]

TYSM

[kusterl]

Excellent