Answer to Question 1
Answer: Individualistic cultural systems focus more on the individual and his choices and personality. Such an emphasis on the person is called an internal attribution. In contrast, collectivistic systems focus more on the surrounding situation, called an external attribution. When shown an underwater scene and later asked to describe it, Japanese remembered more of the background features (such as rocks and plants), and Americans were more likely to focus on a single object, such as the biggest fish.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: People from individualistic cultures are more likely to mention personal attributes when they finish the sentence I am . . . (I am tall, I am ambitious), and people from collectivistic cultures are more likely to mention group memberships and affiliations (I am a daughter, I am Puerto Rican). Individualism (such as in the United States) separates the self from others, but collectivism unites the self and others.
The division of labour in insect societies.
Metabolic rates of animals that differ in size.
Deserts differ across the world. (a) Acacia trees between a gravel plain and sand dunes in the Namib
Dominance relationships among individuals play an important role in many primate societies.
When the IQ scores of identical twins differ, behavior genetics researchers attribute these to ...
Men’s work? Women’s work? Customs in other societies can blow away stereotypes. As is common ...