Answer to Question 1
Among the possibilities, (1) Competencies: Active processes, based on acquired information, skills, and problem-solving strategies, that can be applied to any situation a person confronts; (2) Encoding strategies and personal constructs: Includes the unique world view each person develops and the effects caused by schemas; (3) Expectancies: (a) stimulus-outcome expectancy is the anticipation that one event will follow another; (b) behavior-outcome expectancy is the knowledge that particular kinds of behavior are typically tied to particular kinds of outcome; (4) Subjective values: Incentives that stir a person into movement, that motivate use of knowledge of links between behavior and outcome; (5) Self-regulatory systems and plans: People have to set goals, make plans, and do the various things necessary to realize their plans.
Answer to Question 2
B
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