Answer to Question 1
According to the New Delhi Supreme Court, dowry is payment of money or articles during, before, or after marriage by the girl's parent to her in-laws. A problem occurs when a dowry is considered inadequate and retribution against the bride occurs. The cash and gifts given must be linked to the actual marriage in order for it to be considered illegal dowry. The practice is still widespread; the cash and presents given must be linked to the actual marriage in order to be considered illegal dowry. Between 2008 and 2010 over 24,946 dowry deaths were reported in violation of the Dowry Prohibition Act of 1961.
Answer to Question 2
The UN has led the effort to protect women and girls worldwide. The UN General Assembly adopted the Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women in 1993. This declaration emphasizes that violence against women is a violation of human rights and recommends strategies to be employed by member states and specialized agencies to eliminate it. The UN's Fourth World Conference on Women took place in Beijing in 1995. Highlighting the problems of violence against women, the conference signified a worldwide effort toward ending intimate partner violence.
The UN Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM) was created to provide financial and technical assistance for innovative programs and strategies that promote women's human rights, political participation, and economic security.
In December 2012, the UN General Assembly accepted a resolution on the elimination of female genital mutilation
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