Expressing pain loudly is more acceptable within some ethnic groups than others. One explicit example of the cultural influences in pain experience is that:
a. across all cultures studied, boys are taught to yell when hurt or in pain.
b. Middle Eastern women are expected to scream during labor
c. Japanese women are found to scream more during labor than Middle Eastern women
d. older adults are more likely to not ask for help when in pain than younger adults.
Question 2
Cultural variations in pain are due to differences in socialization and expectations across different cultural groups. Two cultural factors that really stand out are:
a. sexual orientation and age
b. sex and ethnicity
c. regional location and socioeconomic status
d. ethnicity and age.
Vertebral compression Fractures of the spine (vertebra) can cause severe ”band-like” pain that radia
Mechanisms of pain at the nociceptor level
Ethnic Tensions
Ethnic Tensions
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The Wong-Baker “Faces” pain rating scale