Why does the functional hole of a lack of provision for the welfare of citizens on the part of the state exacerbate the problem of organized crime, as described by Williams?
a. It makes state officials vulnerable to government interference.
b. It lowers the overall socioeconomic status of state citizens.
c. Organized crime groups can step in to fulfill the function and earn the loyalty of citizens.
d. It makes discarded state employees vulnerable to cultic factions.
e. It increases the unemployment rate, leaving many people homeless and vulnerable.
Question 2
According to Williams, in what way do transnational organized crime activities challenge the territorial sovereignty of states?
a. They are often more powerful than states.
b. They deprive states of the capacity to control their own borders.
c. They can undermine the legitimacy of state institutions in the eyes of the people.
d. The activities can involve large quantities of armaments that can pose a threat to national security.
e. They foster loyalty to the state through acts of legitimacy
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