Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: The sensorimotor stage of cognitive development occurs from birth to about age two. Piaget identified six substages. Reflex (Substage 1): reflex actions become more organized. Differentiation (Substage 2): repeats owns actions, begins to coordinate actions, such as hearing and looking. Reproduction (Substage 3): intentionally repeats interesting actions. Coordination (Substage 4): intentionally acts as a means to an end and develops concepts of object permanence. Experimentation (Substage 5):
experiments through trial and error. Representation (Substage 6): carriers out mental trial and error and develops symbols.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: The four basic components of language development for young children include (1) phonology: the basic sounds of the language and how they combine to make sounds, (2) semantics: what words mean, (3) syntax: how to combine words into understandable phrases and sentences, (4) pragmatics: how to engage in communication with others that is socially acceptable and effective.
Jean-Paul Sartre (1905‑1980).
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