Answer to Question 1
c
Answer to Question 2
The authoritarian style, or sledgehammer approach, is one in which adults tend to communicate in commands. Their one-way communication does not permit the child to air his or her concerns or express opinions. The authoritarian adult relies on punishment, which may be harsh. Rules are rigid. There is no negotiation. In the permissive style, or doormat approach, adults may be permissive in an indulgent, child- entered way or they may be permissive in a negligent, uninvolved, adult-centered manner. Both forms of permissiveness hurt children. If children are left to their own devices, allowed to follow their own impulses without limits, and given no expectations, they can't learn positive social skills. In the authoritative style, or the guide approach, the interaction is characterized by respect, fairness, warmth, open communication, reasoning, consistency, and involvement. Adults give reasons for rules and are open to negotiation, but never abdicate their final responsibility for making good decisions even when they have to say no. Children are given authentic and appropriate choices, are asked for opinions, and are genuinely heard and respected.
Identify each stage of the life cycle
New England children like David, Joanna, and Abigail Mason (painted by an unknown artist around 1670
Should Parents Make Their Own Baby Food?
answer only
Which of the 3 structures shown below has the shortest bond length? Justify your answer.