Answer to Question 1
ANSWER:
They make the connection between developmental stages and the awareness of ones own culture; they can enhance a childs sensitivity and attitude toward differences.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER:
Teachers take into account differences and similarities by first planning individual and group activities according to the age level of the group. Planning begins around the known similarities of an age level and the developmental tasks and age-appropriate behaviors common to that group of children, including those with special needs. Teachers then observe children and change the goals and activities in accordance with an individual childs needs and progress. Activities allow for a variety of responses from and uses for children at different stages of development. Planning for variations in stages of development is a way teachers foster the uniqueness of each child.