Answer to Question 1
The early Greek civilizations, such as the Minoan and Mycenean, flourished between 2000 and 1200 B.C.E. Minoan culture was prosperous and seafaring. The absence of protective walls around the palace complex suggests that the Minoans enjoyed a sense of peace and security. Frescoes and other crafts give us a picture of Minoan society. The cult of the bull, for examplean ancient symbol of virilitywas a ritual game that revealed the Greek's fondness for wits and physical agility.
By 1600 B.C.E., the Mycenaeans had established themselves in the Aegean. By contrast with the Minoans, the Mycenaeans were a militant and aggressive people: their warships challenged other traders for control of the eastern Mediterranean. Master stonemasons, the Mycenaeans constructed heavily fortified citadels and walls so massive that later generations thought they had been built by a mythical race of giants known as the Cyclops. Around 1200 B.C.E., the Mycenaeans attacked Troy, providing the context for the epic poems, the Iliad and the Odyssey.
Answer to Question 2
D