Spencer is in the eighth grade and can read fourth-grade texts independently but struggles to understand more advanced level texts. The reading specialist works with Spencer in a small group to read sixth-grade level texts. When the teacher guides Spencer to read slowly, paraphrases after each paragraph and asks questions when he does not understand, Spencer can successfully answer sixth-grade comprehension questions. Based upon this information, what is Spencer's zone of proximal development for reading?
◦ At the fourth-grade level
◦ At the sixth-grade level
◦ Between the fourth- and sixth-grade level
◦ Between the fourth- and eighth-grade level
