Collectively, the conducting cells that carry the impulse from ...

[Caiter2013]

Collectively, the conducting cells that carry the impulse from the SA node to the AV node is known as the
 A) conducting system.
  B) AV block.
  C) internodal pathway.
  D) bundle branches.
  E) pacemaker cells.

Question 2

Fred has chronic emphysema. Blood tests show that his pH is low but almost normal but his bicarbonate levels are elevated significantly. How can this be? What would urinalysis show?

[deja]

Answer to Question 1

C

Answer to Question 2

Emphysema limits alveolar ventilation, leading to increased carbon dioxide in Fred's body. Since Fred's condition is chronic (long term) his body has compensated for the excess carbonic acid (the result of hypercapnia due to poor ventilation) by increasing the amount of bicarbonate to match the elevated level of hydrogen ion. This compensation for respiratory acidosis was accomplished by the kidney's secretion of hydrogen ion both in the PCT and DCT and the retention of bicarbonate from the elevated carbonic acid. Urinalysis would indicate a very low pH and high levels of ammonia, produced by the distal tubule to absorb the secreted hydrogen ion.

[Caiter2013]

Thanks

[deja]

Welcome