Author Question: In classical conditioning, an organism A) is able to recognize objects by the sounds they make. ... (Read 108 times)

anjilletteb · **on:** Jun 22, 2018

In classical conditioning, an organism

A) is able to recognize objects by the sounds they make.
B) identifies and categorizes objects.
C) shows a species-typical behavior in response to a previously unimportant stimulus.
D) learns the consequences of a specific behavior.
E) forms an association between a response and a stimulus.

Question 2

Describe the general neural framework for the control of eating in terms of feeding facilitory and feeding-inhibitory circuits.

What will be an ideal response?

Sweetkitty24130 · **Reply #1 on:** Jun 22, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Answer: C
Rationale: In classical conditioning, an organism shows a species-typical behavior in response to a previously unimportant stimulus.

Answer to Question 2

Answer: No one area is the final controller of eating. Sensory and motor information from the gut is sent to the brain stem, where basic feeding reflexes are controlled. Forebrain circuits arising from the lateral hypothalamus can act via MCH and orexins to facilitate eating, and this region appears to be sensitive to the orexigenic effects of NPY. Cells within the arcuate nucleus secrete both NPY and agouti-related peptide (AGRP), which acts as an antagonist at MC-4R receptors that normally function to inhibit eating. Thus NPY and AGRP stimulate eating. A common finding is that a specific neuropeptide may exert dual actions: namely, facilitating actions in one pathway (e.g., MCH/orexin) and inhibiting activity in the other pathway (e.g., NPY/AGRP). Leptin can inhibit NPY activity and can activate cells that express CART.