When blood is exposed to air, it clots. Heparin allows the blood to come in direct contact with air without clotting.
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Pubic lice (crabs) are usually spread through sexual contact. You cannot catch them by using a public toilet.
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Astigmatism is the most common vision problem. It may accompany nearsightedness or farsightedness. It is usually caused by an irregularly shaped cornea, but sometimes it is the result of an irregularly shaped lens. Either type can be corrected by eyeglasses, contact lenses, or refractive surgery.
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Long-term mental and physical effects from substance abuse include: paranoia, psychosis, immune deficiencies, and organ damage.
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The first war in which wide-scale use of anesthetics occurred was the Civil War, and 80% of all wounds were in the extremities.