Question 1
Refer to the information provided in Table 19.4 below to answer the question(s) that follow.
![](data:image/png;base64, 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)
Related to the
Economics in Practice on page 391: Refer to Table 19.4. If income increases from $30,000 to $40,000, the marginal tax rate is
◦ 5%.
◦ 20%.
◦ 35%.
◦ indeterminate from this information.
Question 2
Refer to the information provided in Table 19.4 below to answer the question(s) that follow.
![](data:image/png;base64, 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)
Related to the
Economics in Practice on page 391: Refer to Table 19.4. The tax rate structure in this example is
◦ proportional.
◦ progressive.
◦ regressive.
◦ marginal.