Answer to Question 1
Ionotropic (fast) receptors are directly linked to ion channels. Thus, receptor activation induces very rapid onset of actions on neurons, and, typically, a short-duration action. Metabotropic (slow) receptors work via their activation of secondary messenger systems within neurons, thus acting on ion channels indirectly. Metabotropic receptor activation induces effects relatively slowly and for a longer period of time than is generally the case with ionotropic receptors.
Answer to Question 2
Neurotransmitters are generally released in the close proximity to their receptors and induce relatively short duration actions on target neurons. Neurohormones are generally released from cells relatively far away from their target receptors and are more likely to induce relatively long-lasting actions on the target neurons
Functional MRI Scans These scans of human brains show localized average increases in neural activity
Functional divisions of the nervous system.
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