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The first-known contraceptive was crocodile dung, used in Egypt in 2000 BC. Condoms were also reportedly used, made of animal bladders or intestines.
In 1886, William Bates reported on the discovery of a substance produced by the adrenal gland that turned out to be epinephrine (adrenaline). In 1904, this drug was first artificially synthesized by Friedrich Stolz.
Drying your hands with a paper towel will reduce the bacterial count on your hands by 45–60%.
Historic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis have included gold salts, acupuncture, a diet consisting of apples or rhubarb, nutmeg, nettles, bee venom, bracelets made of copper, prayer, rest, tooth extractions, fasting, honey, vitamins, insulin, snow collected on Christmas, magnets, and electric convulsion therapy.
It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
![(A) Figure illustrating the location and appearance of a peptic ulcer in both the stomach and the du](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_10_09_12_7_09_46_8476830.jpeg)
![Otitis media. This illustration shows an inflamed tympanic cavity, which is the most common source o](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_14755_14_10_12_6_37_46_94012321.jpeg)