Did you know?
Coca-Cola originally used coca leaves and caffeine from the African kola nut. It was advertised as a therapeutic agent and "pickerupper." Eventually, its formulation was changed, and the coca leaves were removed because of the effects of regulation on cocaine-related products.
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For about 100 years, scientists thought that peptic ulcers were caused by stress, spicy food, and alcohol. Later, researchers added stomach acid to the list of causes and began treating ulcers with antacids. Now it is known that peptic ulcers are predominantly caused by Helicobacter pylori, a spiral-shaped bacterium that normally exist in the stomach.
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The toxic levels for lithium carbonate are close to the therapeutic levels. Signs of toxicity include fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, nausea, general discomfort, diarrhea, vomiting, drowsiness, muscular weakness, lack of coordination, ataxia, giddiness, tinnitus, and blurred vision.
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Pubic lice (crabs) are usually spread through sexual contact. You cannot catch them by using a public toilet.
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By definition, when a medication is administered intravenously, its bioavailability is 100%.
sperm cell
In 1879 an army officer founded the Carlisle School in Pennsylvania to “civilize” young Indians. The
HIV cycle in an infected cell: (a) latent infection; (b) active infection.
Organization of plant cell walls
Modern Cell Theory
cell biology