Question 1
How did the telescope change the understanding of the universe for scientists?
A. It increased the accuracy of physical observations.
B. It required a new level of mathematical accuracy.
C. It improved navigation.
D. It required increased attention to scientific subjects.
E. It offered empirical evidence for the facts about the natural world.
Question 2
The scientific world viewed Copernicus's understanding of the universe with ________.
A. full acceptance and approval
B. complete rejection
C. caution and interest
D. religious outrage and condemnation
E. ridicule and derision
Question 3
The most elaborative baroque monument to political absolutism was________.
A. Pope Urban VIII's tabernacle in Rome
B. Charles I's palace in London
C. Louis XIV's palace at Versailles
D. Franz Joseph's palace in Vienna
E. George I's palace in London
Question 4
According to Pascal's famous wager ________.
A. it is best to believe God exists and stake everything to gain the lot; if God should prove not to exist, comparatively little will have been lost
B. it is best to live life to the fullest, regardless of your religious beliefs, and if God does exist, seek forgiveness near the end of your life
C. it is best to believe that God does not exist so that if he does exist, you will be joyful rather than disappointed
D. only one person in a hundred would be saved
E. salvation was a matter of pure chance
Question 5
In Locke's view, the relationship between rulers and the governed had its foundation in __________.
A. military power
B. divine will
C. trust
D. economic inequality
E. injustice
Question 6
Newton was a mathematical genius, but before he upheld a theory he thought it should be________.
A. tested to see if it was what he actually observed
B. reconciled with Aristotle
C. agreed upon by other mathematicians of the time
D. reconciled with rationalism
E. approved by the Church of England
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