Answer 1
Answer: The typical factory worker in the United States during the progressive era would probably have been an immigrant, working at an unskilled job using a machine. The working conditions would have been hazardous, the hours long, and the pay low. Factory owners, influenced by the theories of Frederick Taylor, would have pressed workers for greater efficiency, adding to the burden of their working conditions.
Answer 2
Answer: Social justice progressives were particularly concerned with child labor and the effect of long working hours for women. They advocated laws limiting both by collecting statistics to support their cause. They were also concerned with the living conditions of the poor, especially immigrants, advocating housing reform and educational opportunity. They crusaded against saloons, brothels, and movie houses as social evils to be controlled or eliminated, if possible.
Answer 3
Answer: Influenced by Darwinism, the progressives relied on the concepts of pragmatism, advocated by John Dewey and William James, to justify their reforms. Progressives believed that the environment had more to do with shaping a person's character than did heredity. Their optimistic view of human nature led them to conclude that by improving living conditions they could eliminate social problems.
Answer 4
Answer: TRUE
Answer 5
Answer: FALSE
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