We know all of the following to be factors associated with disproportional identification of ethnic minorities identified as needing special education EXCEPT
◦ Many of the tests used to identify students with disabilities are culturally biased.
◦ Minority children are more likely to attend schools that are underfunded and understaffed.
◦ Poverty puts children at risk for having disabilities and that some ethnic minorities (e.g., African Americans, Latinos/Hispanics, Native Americans) have higher rates of poverty.
◦ Some ethnic groups are visual learners, and public schools put a heavy emphasis on auditory learning.