Question 1
Which of the following statements is
true of bacterial plasmids?
◦ They are small circular DNA molecules that can replicate autonomously.
◦ They carry genes for essential metabolic functions.
◦ They are always found in the nucleoid.
◦ They are small circular DNA molecules.
◦ They can replicate autonomously.
Question 2
![](data:image/png;base64, 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)
The process indicated by the arrow in Figure 7.1 represents
◦ recombination.
◦ leading strand synthesis.
◦ translation.
◦ transcription.
◦ lagging strand synthesis.