Question 1
Which of the following situations is NOT a way in which a baby acquires normal microbiota?
◦
microorganisms grow in the respiratory tract after the baby's first breath.
◦ The baby acquires the residential microbiota in the colon after the first meal.
◦
microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy.
◦
Staphylococcus epidermidis is transferred from the hospital staff to the newborn after delivery.
◦
microbes enter the nose and mouth when the baby is in the birth canal.
Question 2
Which of the following situations might cause normal microbiota to become opportunistic pathogens?
◦ growth of microorganisms on the excreted cellular wastes and dead cells in the large intestine
◦ growth of
Lactobacillus on the surface of teeth
◦ growth of microbes on the surface of intact skin
◦ presence of
Entamoeba in the lumen of the colon
◦ treatment of a cancer patient with radiation
A normal chest X-ray.
Normal lung volumes and capacities.
(A) Normal glomerulus and (B) acute glomerulonephritis.
Normal vs. Frank Breech
Normal electrocardiogram tracing
The traditional human karyotypes derived from a normal female and a normal male