Answer to Question 1
Children with a high threshold for novelty are presumed to be at low risk for developing anxiety disorders. Other children (about 1520) are born with a low threshold for becoming overexcited and to withdrawing in response to novel stimulation as infants, a tendency to be fearful and anxious as toddlers, and a tendency to be unusually shy or withdrawn in novel or unfamiliar situations as young children. This type of temperament is called behavioral inhibition (BI), an enduring trait for some and a predisposing factor for the development of later anxiety disorders, particularly SOC (Chronis-Tuscano et al., 2009; Kagan, 2013).
Answer to Question 2
Perhaps the most accurate way to analyze cultural differences in anxiety is using Weisz and colleagues' (2003, p. 384) behavior lens principle, which states that child psychopathology reflects a mix of actual child behavior and the lens through which it is viewed by others in a child's culture.
