New-states Paradox:
The addition of a new group changes the apportionments of other groups.
Suppose there are 40 states in a country where congressional seats are alloted to the states in proportion to the population of each respective state. Total population is 12 million people. Suppose also that a 41st state is admitted, adding its own population to that of the nation. If the new-states paradox occurs, which of the following statements are true:
I. In the original 40 states, only one state will end up with a different number of congressional seats.
II. In the original 40 states, at least two states will end up with a different number of congressional seats.
III. The original 40 states will all retain the same number of seats if the 41st state has a population of under 500,000.
IV. If the 41st state has a population greater than one million, at least two of the original states will end up with a different number of congressional seats.
◦ II and III
◦ II and IV
◦ I and III
◦ II
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