Question 1
Which one of the following applies to a valley glacier that lengthens (extends the position of its terminus downslope over a period of many years?
◦ accumulation exceeds wastage
◦ accumulation and wastage are about equal
◦ wastage exceeds accumulation
◦ none of the above
Question 2
Crevasses (deep fractures or cracks) form in glaciers because ________.
◦ there is not always the same amount of ice available in all areas so cracks form when the ice tries to move and fill in empty parts of the glacier
◦ not all of the ice in a glacier moves downhill at the same rate in the glacier
◦ as the glacier moves over irregular topography, cracks can form anywhere in the glacier but they are called "crevasses" only if they are near the surface
◦ as the glacier moves over irregular topography the bottom of the glacier (known as the zone of fracture) cracks and the cracks propagate upward to the surface of the glacier
◦ as the glacier moves over irregular topography, the brittle upper layer or zone of fracture is subject to tension and cracks above the ductile layer