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It is believed that the Incas used anesthesia. Evidence supports the theory that shamans chewed cocoa leaves and drilled holes into the heads of patients (letting evil spirits escape), spitting into the wounds they made. The mixture of cocaine, saliva, and resin numbed the site enough to allow hours of drilling.
About 3% of all pregnant women will give birth to twins, which is an increase in rate of nearly 60% since the early 1980s.
During pregnancy, a woman is more likely to experience bleeding gums and nosebleeds caused by hormonal changes that increase blood flow to the mouth and nose.
Cancer has been around as long as humankind, but only in the second half of the twentieth century did the number of cancer cases explode.
Fatal fungal infections may be able to resist newer antifungal drugs. Globally, fungal infections are often fatal due to the lack of access to multiple antifungals, which may be required to be utilized in combination. Single antifungals may not be enough to stop a fungal infection from causing the death of a patient.
![The spatial distribution of trees in three separate stands of different ages on Vancouver Island (da](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_33_22_09_11_9_40_13_1825306.jpeg)
![Distribution of glaciers in North America (a) in the late twentieth century, and (b) 18,000 years ag](https://biology-forums.com/gallery/47/medium_33_19_02_12_5_39_50_20561464.jpeg)