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Cocaine was isolated in 1860 and first used as a local anesthetic in 1884. Its first clinical use was by Sigmund Freud to wean a patient from morphine addiction. The fictional character Sherlock Holmes was supposed to be addicted to cocaine by injection.
When Gabriel Fahrenheit invented the first mercury thermometer, he called "zero degrees" the lowest temperature he was able to attain with a mixture of ice and salt. For the upper point of his scale, he used 96°, which he measured as normal human body temperature (we know it to be 98.6° today because of more accurate thermometers).
About 100 new prescription or over-the-counter drugs come into the U.S. market every year.
Urine turns bright yellow if larger than normal amounts of certain substances are consumed; one of these substances is asparagus.
The average human gut is home to perhaps 500 to 1,000 different species of bacteria.