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More than 30% of American adults, and about 12% of children utilize health care approaches that were developed outside of conventional medicine.
There are over 65,000 known species of protozoa. About 10,000 species are parasitic.
The FDA recognizes 118 routes of administration.
In 1886, William Bates reported on the discovery of a substance produced by the adrenal gland that turned out to be epinephrine (adrenaline). In 1904, this drug was first artificially synthesized by Friedrich Stolz.
There are major differences in the metabolism of morphine and the illegal drug heroin. Morphine mostly produces its CNS effects through m-receptors, and at k- and d-receptors. Heroin has a slight affinity for opiate receptors. Most of its actions are due to metabolism to active metabolites (6-acetylmorphine, morphine, and morphine-6-glucuronide).