Which of the following would be an example of urban gentrification?
◦ the movement of young urban professionals from a major city like Minneapolis to a smaller nearby community, such as Mankato, in order to take advantage of lower housing costs
◦ the building of office parks and complexes along the periphery of a major city, such as Costa Mesa, located south of Los Angeles
◦ the displacement of low-income inner city residents so as to revitalize an inner city with new shopping, entertainment and office plazas, often taking advantage of historic urban architecture patterns, such as Pioneer Square in Seattle and the Inner Harbor of Baltimore
◦ the movement of minority populations from the urban core into the suburbs
◦ an urban design movement which stresses high-density, mixed-use, pedestrian-scaled neighborhoods where residents are able to walk to work, school and shopping centers
A bobcat in urban surroundings.
A mother dies, a father loses his leg—such calamities shattered poor urban families. Orphaned street
How Cities Develop: Models of Urban Growth
Urban Life
The Urban Attraction
Infant mortality by income quintile, urban Canada, 1996