Question 1
When is a congressional incumbent most likely to be defeated?
◦ between major political tidal waves
◦ after a state legislature redraws congressional district boundaries
◦ when the challenger is involved in a scandal
◦ when the presidential candidate belongs to the same party as the congressional incumbent
Question 2
When is lobbying more likely to be successful?
◦ when lobbying against change
◦ when lobbying for an environmental group
◦ immediately before an election
◦ during congressional scandals