Dual mode and multimedia effects is:
◦ Students work in teams to solve a problem or develop expertise leading to a solution, all based on background knowledge that has been demonstrated.
◦ The most efficient initial presentation of information for learning is engaging a student's eyes and ears at the same time.
◦ Learning targets should not be too easy or too challenging, but just right for the learner.
◦ In planning instruction, break the intended learning into parts and introduce them in an order that is spaced and makes sense for integration.