Answer to Question 1
(1) should these disorders be defined in a broad or narrow fashion? (2) the issue of heterogeneity. All depressed persons do not have the same set of symptoms, same pattern of onset, or the same course over time. Some patients have manic episodes, whereas others experience only depression. Some exhibit psychotic symptoms, such as delusions and hallucinations. The important considerations in distinguishing clinical depression from normal sadness are: (1) Intensity: The mood change pervades all aspects of the person and impairs social and occupational functions. (2) Absence of precipitants: The mood may arise in the absence of any discernible precipitant or may be grossly out of proportion to those precipitants. (3) Quality: The mood change is different from that experienced in normal sadness. (4) Associated features: The change in mood is accompanied by a cluster of signs and symptoms, including cognitive and somatic features. (5) History: The mood change may be preceded by a history of past episodes of elation and hyperactivity.
Answer to Question 2
endocrine
Results from sequential study of two cohorts tested at three ages and at three different points in t
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Drugs for Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and ...
A central port fuel-injection system.
Metastatic process: Tumor leaving primary site to travel to other distant organs to grow.
Formation of primary and secondary lysosomes and their role in cellular digestive
Simplified diagram of information flow (the central dogma) from DNA to RNA