In the Walkill River example in Chapter 11, local citizens were ...

[berenicecastro]

In the Walkill River example in Chapter 11, local citizens were effectively excluded from the process of making a decision that affected the local environment. This exclusion illustrates which of Gaventa's instruments of social power?
 
  a. the power to bargain, reward and punish
  b. control of channels of participation in making decisions
  c. control of how issues are framed and discussed
  d. referent power

Question 2

Gaventa's definition of the three instruments of social power includes the power to bargain, reward and punish, as well as the power to
 
  a. make decisions for the group or locality.
  b. determine who is elected to office.
  c. influence how community issues are defined.
  d. both a and b

[prumorgan]

Answer to Question 1

b

Answer to Question 2

c

[berenicecastro]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[mammy1697]

Excellent