Answer to Question 1
Sarah Coyne and John Archer (2004) found examples of indirect or relational
aggression in 92 of programs on British television shows that were popular with
adolescents, a rate much higher than physical aggression. Compared to physical
aggressors, the indirect aggressors in these shows tended to be more rewarded for
their aggression, and they were more likely to be female and attractive. The results of
an experiment Coyne and her colleagues (2004) conducted suggested that television
exposure to indirect aggression had immediate effects on adolescents' own behavior,
such as decreasing helping behavior, evaluating others more negatively, and advocating
indirect aggression in response to an ambiguous situation. Coyne and others (2008,
2012) studied female college students, randomly assigning them to watch Kill Bill
(physical aggression), Mean Girls (relational aggression), or What Lies Beneath (no
aggression). After watching clips from these films, participants who watched the
physical or relational aggression films clips were more aggressive (blasted an opponent
with a loud noise) than those in the no aggression film condition. That such similar
results were obtained with across gender, culture, and age groups speaks to the
generalizability of the relationship between exposure to violent media and the increased
propensity for aggression.
Answer to Question 2
b
Anatomically modern humans left archaeological clues, including evidence of burials, which indicate
In 2013, Americans learned that the federal government massively surveys their phone calls and e-mai
Weak valve springs will produce a normal reading at idle, but as engine speed increases, the needle ...
Foundations of evidence-based practice.
Experimental demonstration of respiratory control
Three Pieces of the Long-Term Weight-Loss Puzzle Diet