Answer to Question 1
C
Ecchymotic areas may be seen because of decreased protective subcutaneous tissue layers, increased capillary fragility, and flattening of the capillary bed, predisposing older adults to developing ecchymoses. Medications and physiologic factors may result in an augmented bleeding tendency and appearance of ecchymotic areas; nevertheless, consideration should be given to the possibility of older adult abuse if ecchymosis is widespread or in unusual areas.
Answer to Question 2
B
Not surprisingly, mechanical ventilation and the required care associated with it contribute to sleep disturbances. CPAP treats the obstruction and the snoring, choking, and gasping that accompany it, and it provides cardiovascular benefits. Hypnotics and analgesic medications may aid sleep. Nurses have a responsibility to administer these medications in the most efficient manner to promote sleep and to monitor effectiveness.
Nurse-patient interaction; nonverbal communication
A patient examination room should be simple and efficiently designed.
A physician uses a portable electronic tablet to enter patient data while in the examination room.
Jaundice seen in the eyes and the skin of a patient with hepatitis A.
Orientation and structure of a nephron, the functional unit of the kidney.