The nature of contracts changed in the 19th century through ...

[erika]

The nature of contracts changed in the 19th century through judicial instrumentalism and had what effect?
 
  (a) Facilitating free-market determinations of wages and prices.
  (b) Allowing factory owners to contract with masses of employees for wages, hours and working conditions if the terms were made known and the laborers agreed to them.
  (c) Advancing the rule of caveat emptor in markets because if a seller unknowingly sold defective goods, the buyer's opportunity to inspect the goods before purchase would ensure the seller's innocence of overt deception.
  (d) All of the above were effects of the changes to the nature of contracts.

Question 2

In the process described as Schumpeterian economic growth (involving Schumpeter's ideas about growth),
 
  (a) recessions are the object of countercyclical policy designed to minimize the waste
  of unemployed labor and other resources.
  (b) expansions are considered wasteful because of the tendency for inflation to be
  generated near the cyclical peaks.
  (c) recessions are considered to be useful cleansing devices for abandoning inefficient
  uses of economic resources.
  (d) depressions are considered to be necessary to maintain greater equality of wealth
  and income over time.

[johnharpe]

Answer to Question 1

(d)

Answer to Question 2

(c)