The therapist is to manually calculate expiratory airway resistance on a patient receiving mechanical ventilation. What should the therapist do to ensure valid measurements? I. Set the ventilator to deliver a descending ramp flow pattern II. Initiate an expiratory hold maneuver at the end of expiration. III. Ensure that the patient receives a mandatory breath. IV. Institute an inspiratory pause maneuver at the end of inspiration.
A. I, II only
B. III, IV only
C. I, II, III only
D. II, III, IV only
Question 2
A patient receiving mechanical ventilation is about to receive medication delivered via an MDI. Where should the therapist place the spacer, and when should the MDI be actuated?
A. Place the spacer anywhere along the inspiratory limb, and actuate the MDI at the end of inspiration.
B. Place the spacer in the inspiratory side of the ventilator circuit at the Y, and actuate the MDI at end-exhalation.
C. Place the spacer near the elbow connector, and actuate the MDI anytime during the ventilatory cycle.
D. Place the spacer along the inspiratory limb about 50 cm from the elbow connector, and actuate the MDI during inspiration.
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