Describe the four phases of swallowing: What will be an ideal ...

[james]

Describe the four phases of swallowing:
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

Define dysphagia. What is the primary nutrition implication of dysphagia?
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[alexanderhamilton]

Answer to Question 1

a. Oral preparation

Food is manipulated in the mouth and masticated if necessary, reducing it to a consistency ready for bolus formation and swallowing

b. Oral transit

Tongue propels food posteriorly until the pharyngeal swallow is triggered

c. Pharyngeal

Pharyngeal swallow is triggered; the bolus is moved through the pharynx; and the cricopharyngeal sphincter (upper esophageal sphincter) opens to allow the bolus to enter the esophagus

d. Esophageal

Esophageal peristalsis carries the bolus through the cervical and thoracic esophagus and into the stomach

Answer to Question 2

 Dysphagia is difficulty swallowing and is a common problem in neurogenic disease.
 The primary nutrition implications are inadequate oral intake and risk of aspiration/choking.