A patient presenting with diabetes insipidus (DI) exhibits a. ...

[scienceeasy]

A patient presenting with diabetes insipidus (DI) exhibits
 
  a. hyperosmolality and hypernatremia.
  b. hyperosmolality and hyponatremia.
  c. hypo-osmolality and hypernatremia.
  d. hypo-osmolality and hyponatremia.

Question 2

During assessment of a patient who is new to the critical unit, the nurse observes perianal ecchymosis. The nurse suspects the patient has a
 
  a. pelvic fracture.
  b. bladder trauma.
  c. rectal laceration.
  d. spleen laceration.

[krakiolit]

Answer to Question 1

A
In central DI, there is an inability to secrete an adequate amount of antidiuretic hormone (arginine vasopressin) in response to an osmotic or nonosmotic stimuli, resulting in inappropriately dilute urine. Hypernatremia is usually associated with serum hyperosmolality.

Answer to Question 2

A
Signs of pelvic fracture include perianal ecchymosis (scrotum or vulva) indicating extravasation of urine or blood, pain on palpation or rocking of the iliac crests, lower limb paresis or hypesthesia, and hematuria. A large percentage of bladder injuries result from pelvic fractures. Physical findings may include lower abdominal bruising, distention, and pain. More definitive findings include difficulty in voiding or incomplete recovery of irrigation fluids from catheterized patients.

[scienceeasy]

TYSM

[milbourne11]

Excellent