What is the required number of milliliters of fluid needed per ...

[lb_gilbert]

What is the required number of milliliters of fluid needed per day for a 14-kg child?
 
  a. 800
  b. 1000
  c. 1200
  d. 1400

Question 2

What factor predisposes an infant to fluid imbalances?
 
  a. Decreased surface area
  b. Lower metabolic rate
  c. Immature kidney functioning
  d. Decreased daily exchange of extracellular fluid

[voltaire123]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
For the first 10 kg of body weight, a child requires 100 ml/kg. For each additional kilogram of body weight, an extra 50 ml is needed.
10 kg  100 ml/kg/day = 1000 ml
4 kg  50 ml/kg/day = 200 ml
1000 ml + 200 ml = 1200 ml/day
Eight hundred to 1000 ml is too little; 1400 ml is too much.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
The infant's kidneys are functionally immature at birth and are inefficient in excreting waste products of metabolism. Infants have a relatively high body surface area (BSA) compared with adults. This allows a higher loss of fluid to the environment. A higher metabolic rate is present as a result of the higher BSA in relation to active metabolic tissue. The higher metabolic rate increases heat production, which results in greater insensible water loss. Infants have a greater exchange of extracellular fluid, leaving them with a reduced fluid reserve in conditions of dehydration.

[lb_gilbert]

Correct answers!

[voltaire123]

Great! Please up vote