Answer to Question 1
ANS: C
For the first 10 kg of body weight, a child requires 100 ml/kg. For each additional kilogram of body weight, an extra 50 ml is needed.
10 kg 100 ml/kg/day = 1000 ml
4 kg 50 ml/kg/day = 200 ml
1000 ml + 200 ml = 1200 ml/day
Eight hundred to 1000 ml is too little; 1400 ml is too much.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: C
The infant's kidneys are functionally immature at birth and are inefficient in excreting waste products of metabolism. Infants have a relatively high body surface area (BSA) compared with adults. This allows a higher loss of fluid to the environment. A higher metabolic rate is present as a result of the higher BSA in relation to active metabolic tissue. The higher metabolic rate increases heat production, which results in greater insensible water loss. Infants have a greater exchange of extracellular fluid, leaving them with a reduced fluid reserve in conditions of dehydration.
To examine a child’s ear, the pinna should be pulled back and up for children over 3 years; the pinn
Measuring the Chest Circumference of a Child
What is Amniotic Fluid?
A karyotype shows this child has three copies of chromosome 21.
Number line for rounding
Number line (real numbers)