Which of the following decreases as body mass index increases? 1. ...

[michelleunicorn]

Which of the following decreases as body mass index increases? 1. Airway resistance 2. Functional residual capacity 3. Forced vital capacity 4. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second
 
  a. 2 only
  b. 1, 2, and 3 only
  c. 3 and 4 only
  d. 2, 3, and 4 only

Question 2

Over two-thirds of obese patients also suffer from what pathology?
 
  a. Diabetes
  b. Sleep apnea
  c. Myocardial infarction
  d. Peripheral vascular disease

[tennis14576]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Lung volumes progressively decrease as BMI increases. Total lung capacity and residual volume decrease linearly as BMI increases, while functional residual capacity is exponentially reduced at higher BMI values, especially in patients with a central fat distribution (high waist circumfer-ence). Furthermore, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, maximum vol-untary ventilation, and forced mid-expiratory flow are significantly reduced in obese subjects, with airway closure occurring during tidal breathing in the extreme range of obesity.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Over two-thirds of obese patients have sleep apnea. All obese patients on admission should be evaluated for sleep apnea if not already being treated for their sleep apnea.