A nurse is caring for a patient with hypertension and diabetes. ...

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A nurse is caring for a patient with hypertension and diabetes. The patient's prescriber recently ordered an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor.
 
  Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the nurse's teaching about this drug?
  a. ACE inhibitors only dilate veins, so I may have more edema in my ankles.
  b. ACE inhibitors prevent the nervous system from causing increased blood pressure.
  c. This drug can also cause shortness of breath because of bronchoconstriction .
  d. This drug will help lower my blood pressure and will benefit my kidneys.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for a patient who is taking a vasodilator that dilates capacitance vessels. The nurse will expect which effect in this patient?
 
  a. Decrease in cardiac work
  b. Increase in cardiac output
  c. Increase in tissue perfusion
  d. Increase in venous return

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
ACE inhibitors reduce blood pressure and help preserve renal function in people with diabetes. ACE inhibitors dilate both veins and arterioles. ACE inhibitors work on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, not the nervous system. ACE inhibitors do not have effects on the bronchioles of the lungs.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Vasodilators that dilate capacitance vessels, or veins, lead to a decrease in venous return to the heart, which reduces preload and the force of ventricular contraction. The resultant effect is a decrease in cardiac work. With a decrease in ventricular contraction, cardiac output is reduced, as is tissue perfusion. Dilation of veins causes a decrease in venous return.

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