Answer to Question 1
Work design - overall objectives are to increase productivity and worker satisfaction; specific objectives are to improve the content of the job, to provide a safe and healthy work environment, and to design a staff of fit people, optimum work environment, and effective and efficient work methods.
Work simplification - the emphasis is on the elimination of any uneconomical use of time, equipment, materials, space, or human effort; it is but one part of the bigger work design picture.
Answer to Question 2
The word sigma is from the Greek and is a statistical term that measures by how many standard deviations a process deviates from perfection.
The higher the sigma number, the closer to perfection.
One sigma is not very good, whereas six sigma is 3.4 errors per million.
If you can measure how many errors occur in a process, then you can systematically determine how to eliminate them and get as close to zero as possible.
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