Answer to Question 1
Answer: A transformational leader is one who inspires not only high satisfaction among followers but also high productivity. They inspire group members to rise above their everyday personal concerns and put forth their best efforts for the good of the group and/or society.
For characteristics, students should discuss the following: (1) idealized influence and charisma;
(2) intellectual stimulation; (3) inspirational motivation; and (4) individualized consideration. Students should give an example of how a leader manifests each characteristic.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Social loafing is the reduction in one's personal efforts when in a group. The reasons it occurs are the mirror image of the ways it can be reduced: lack of identifiability of individual contributions; tasks that are meaningless, not challenging, or not important; belief that individual contributions are not necessary to meet the group goal; low interpersonal cohesiveness, and individualistic interpersonal orientation.
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