In order to measure whether a message produced an attitude change when an after-only design was used, you should compare the attitudes of the people who received the message with
A) their attitudes toward similar issues.
B) their attitudes toward the same issue at least two weeks ago.
C) the attitudes of people who received the message two weeks after the first group.
D) the attitudes of people who did not receive the message.
Question 2
Kevin is told that if he works for five days at a telemarketing job, he can expect to earn 100 a day on commission alone. When he gets his paycheck at the end of the week, it comes to only about 80 per day.
He's very upset even when he finds out that his coworkers all made only about 60 each per day. This is an example of
a. catharsis.
b. unfulfilled expectations leading to frustration.
c. instrumental aggression.
d. dispositional frustration.