Answer to Question 1
Describe the four suggestions for developing the inner traits that are related happiness. 4 points; 1 for each of the following:
- Stay in the present: If we dwell on the past or the future we miss the moments of happiness in the present; be here now; be mindful
- Count your blessings: Look at the bright side of your life; consider how well off you are compared to others; think about the good things that happen each day
- Write a letter of gratitude: Say thank you to others
- Share good news: Really listen to others; share in others' joy; let others into your life
Answer to Question 2
Even though some researchers propose that our brains are wired for kindness (altruism), in the modern world we are less and less likely to help others in need. What do they propose that explains this situation? 2 points; 1 each for any 2 of the following:
- Social corrosion/modern life acts against it: we are increasingly separated from others by technology and distance so we are less able to feel empathy; hormones for kindness (ocytocin) are released by touch, but if we are distant we don't have this cue; observing at a distance makes it more difficult to accurately judge another person's emotional state
- We are so stressed out by modern life or so busy that we have little energy left to think of others; self-absorption kills empathy and compassion
- Being crowded in cities means that, to survive, we need to ignore others; there are so many others that need help we are unable to respond to them all; we get overwhelmed by need
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